Theoretical Framework

A few of the articles do not have any kind of what I consider to be a theoretical framework. To be fair, these articles probably didn't need one due their nature as either a historical review, or pragmatic discussion of actual practices.
From those that do have theoretical frameworks, they are varied.
One is based on Vygotsky and what the author describes as social constructivism.
Another is based on the media/method debate/theories and also on the synchronous/asynchronous debate/theories.
Another is based on theoretical definitions of interactivity, which could also come somewhat under the theories of dialog.
Others have various theoretical themes. These were undeclared in that I had to extrapolate them from the article.